Black and Brown maternal health disparities are rooted in historical health policies limiting power and reproductive decision-making in the United States. From anti-Black racism in the field of obstetrics and gynecology and policies such as the Sheppard–Towner Act of 1921 in the American South, to xenophobia through the forced sterilization of non-English speaking mothers in the 20th and 21st centuries, there is a clear link between health policy and minoritized maternal health outcomes.

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